Pressure sleeve

ABSTRACT

An apparatus comprising a sleeve that comprises a tubular portion, a receiving portion, and a coupling portion. The tubular portion has an outer diameter that is substantially equal to an inner diameter of a flexible hose such that the tubular portion is capable of being inserted within the flexible hose. The receiving portion extends outward from the tubular portion to thereby define a channel between the receiving portion and the tubular portion for receiving an end portion of a flexible hose. The coupling portion is for coupling the sleeve, and thereby, the flexible hose, to a component.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/852,517, entitled “Pressure Sleeve,” filed Dec. 22, 2017, which ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to coupling flexible hoses and,more particularly, to an apparatus and method for coupling flexiblehoses using a pressure sleeve.

BACKGROUND

Various systems include fluid lines that are coupled together. Forexample, an aircraft may include multiple fluid lines that are coupledtogether and/or to other components in various configurations. Thesefluid lines may include rigid fluid lines, flexible fluid lines, orboth. Rigid fluid lines are typically comprised of metal and used forthe transfer of various types of fluid including, but not limited to,fuel, oil coolant, oxygen, hydraulic fluid, and other types of liquidsand/or gases. Flexible fluid lines are typically comprised of flexiblepolymers. For example, flexible fluid lines may take the form offluoropolymer tubes. In some cases, traditional methods of couplingrigid fluid lines may not work properly or as well for coupling flexiblefluid lines because flexible fluid lines may move, bend, deform, orotherwise change shape in response to the application of pressure orforce, pressure changes, temperature changes, or vibrations. Thus, oneor more apparatuses and methods for coupling flexible fluid lines may bedesired.

SUMMARY

In one illustrative embodiment, an apparatus comprises a sleeve thatcomprises a tubular portion, a receiving portion, and a couplingportion. The tubular portion has an outer diameter that is substantiallyequal to an inner diameter of a flexible hose such that the tubularportion is capable of being inserted within the flexible hose. Thereceiving portion extends outward from the tubular portion to therebydefine a channel between the receiving portion and the tubular portionfor receiving an end portion of a flexible hose. The coupling portion isfor coupling the sleeve, and thereby, the flexible hose, to a component.

In another illustrative embodiment, a method is provided for coupling aflexible hose to a component. A tubular portion of a sleeve is insertedthrough a channel within a flexible hose such that an end portion of theflexible hose is received within a channel defined by a receivingportion of the sleeve that extends from the tubular portion. The sleeveis secured to the flexible hose using a fitting. The sleeve and thereby,the flexible hose, is coupled to the component using a coupling portionof the sleeve.

In yet another illustrative embodiment, a fuel system in an aircraftcomprises a flexible fuel hose, a sleeve, and a fitting. The sleevecomprises a tubular portion, a receiving portion, and a couplingportion. The tubular portion has an outer diameter that is substantiallyequal to an inner diameter of a flexible fuel hose such that the tubularportion is capable of being inserted within the flexible fuel hose. Thereceiving portion extends outward from the tubular portion to therebydefine a channel between the receiving portion and the tubular portionfor receiving an end portion of a flexible fuel hose. The couplingportion is for coupling the sleeve, and thereby, the flexible fuel hose,to a component. The fitting clamps down on the receiving portion of thesleeve and the flexible fuel hose to secure the sleeve to the flexiblefuel hose.

The features and functions can be achieved independently in variousembodiments of the present disclosure or may be combined in yet otherembodiments in which further details can be seen with reference to thefollowing description and drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features believed characteristic of the illustrativeembodiments are set forth in the appended claims. The illustrativeembodiments, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, furtherobjectives and features thereof, will best be understood by reference tothe following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment of thepresent disclosure when read in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a perspective view of an aircraft inaccordance with an example embodiment.

FIG. 2 is block diagram of a manufacturing environment in accordancewith an example embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of a side view of one example implementationof a coupling system being used to couple one example implementation ofa first flexible hose and a second flexible hose in accordance with anexample embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the coupling system,the first flexible hose, and the second flexible hose from FIG. 3 inaccordance with an example embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a differentconfiguration for a sleeve and for a coupling system in accordance withan example embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of the coupling system from FIG. 5 in whichthe coupling portion of the sleeve is implemented differently inaccordance with an example embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustration of a process for coupling flexiblehoses in accordance with an example embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustration of a process for coupling a flexiblehose to a component in accordance with an example embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The example embodiments provide a pressure sleeve for use in couplingflexible hoses with other flexible hoses and/or other components simplyand easily. One configuration of the pressure sleeve may be used tocouple two flexible hoses together. Another configuration of thepressure sleeve may be used to couple a flexible hose with some othercomponent, such as a fastener device. The pressure sleeve may beinserted within one or more flexible hoses to help positively lock theone or more flexible hoses under vibrations, varying operationalpressures, and/or varying environmental temperature changes. Thepressure sleeve provided by the various illustrative embodiments may beuseful in coupling together flexible fuel hoses in the fuel systems ofaircraft.

With reference now to the figures, FIG. 1 is an illustration of anaircraft, depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment.Aircraft 100 includes wing 102 and wing 104 attached to fuselage 106.Aircraft 100 includes engine 108 attached to wing 102 and engine 110attached to wing 104. Aircraft 100 also includes tail section 112.Horizontal stabilizer 114, horizontal stabilizer 116, and verticalstabilizer 118 are attached to tail section 112.

Aircraft 100 is an example of one type of platform that includesflexible fluid lines that may be coupled together in accordance with theillustrative embodiments described below. For example, withoutlimitation, aircraft 100 may include a fuel system that includesflexible fluid lines that are coupled together using coupling systemsimplemented in a manner similar to coupling system 201 of FIG. 2 below.Coupling systems implemented similar to coupling system 201 of FIG. 2may be used positively lock the flexible fluid lines together and/or toother components of aircraft 100. For example, one or more couplingsystems may be used to positively lock flexible fluid lines to one ormore bulkheads within wing 102, wing 104, and/or fuselage 106 ofaircraft 100.

The positive locking of flexible fluid lines may mean ensuring that theflexible lines cannot work loose, or decouple, from one another due tovibrations. Using a coupling system implemented in a manner similar tocoupling system 201 in FIG. 2 to couple flexible fluid lines together orto couple a flexible fluid line to some other component ensures thatthis coupling is able to the pressure changes, temperature changes, andvibrations experienced during operation of aircraft 100.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a manufacturing environment, depicted inaccordance with an illustrative embodiment. Manufacturing environment200 is one example of an environment in which coupling system 201 may beassembled and used to couple components. In one illustrative example,coupling system 201 includes sleeve 202 that may be used to couple firstflexible hose 204 together with second flexible hose 206. In otherillustrative examples, coupling system 201 includes sleeve 202 that maybe used to couple first flexible hose 204 with some other component 208.Component 208 may take a number of different forms. For example,component 208 may take the form of a fitting, a bulkhead, a union, anut, a B-type nut, a flareless fitting, a beam, some other type offastener or fastener system, or some other type of structural component.

In these illustrative examples, each of first flexible hose 204 andsecond flexible hose 206 is a fluid line that allows the transfer offluid through the fluid line. The fluid may comprise one or moreliquids, one or more gases, or a combination thereof. Further, each offirst flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206 may be comprised ofone or more different types of flexible materials. For example, firstflexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206 may be comprised of oneor more types of flexible polymers such that first flexible hose 204 andsecond flexible hose 206 are bendable or otherwise deformable. In oneillustrative example, first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose206 are comprised of Tygon®, which is a type of flexible polymer tubingprovided by Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics. In other illustrativeexamples, first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206 may becomprised of a fluoropolymer, such as, but not limited to,polytetrafluoroethyline (PTFE).

Sleeve 202 may have different possible configurations. Moreparticularly, sleeve 202 may be formed, or machined, to one of multiplepossible configurations. For example, without limitation, sleeve 202 maybe comprised of one or more metal materials and may be machined to forma first configuration or a second configuration. In the firstconfiguration for sleeve 202, sleeve 202 may be used together with union210, first fitting 212, and second fitting 214, to form coupling system201 for coupling first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206.In particular, sleeve 202 is a pressure sleeve that may be used toprevent the deflection of first flexible hose 204 or second flexiblehose 206 into the flow path created through first flexible hose 204,sleeve 202, and second flexible hose 206. Further, sleeve 202 positivelylocks first flexible hose 204 with second flexible hose 206 such thatneither first flexible hose 204 nor second flexible hose 206 may comeloose due to vibrations, changes in pressure, and/or changes intemperature.

In the second configuration for sleeve 202, sleeve 202 may be used withfirst fitting 212 and fastener device 216 to couple first flexible hose204 to component 208. In particular, in the second configuration, sleeve202 is a pressure sleeve that may also be used to prevent the deflectionof first flexible hose 204 into the flow path created between, orthrough, first flexible hose 204 and sleeve 202. Further, sleeve 202positively locks first flexible hose 204 with component 208 such thatfirst flexible hose 204 does not come loose from component 208 due tovibrations, changes in pressure, and/or changes in temperature.

In one illustrative example, first flexible hose 204 and second flexiblehose 206 may be flexible fluid lines in fuel system 218 of aircraft 220.When used in fuel system 218, first flexible hose 204 and secondflexible hose 206 may be referred to as fuel hoses. Aircraft 100 in FIG.1 may be an example of one implementation for aircraft 220. In someillustrative examples, first flexible hose 204 and/or second flexiblehose 206 may be coated with or embedded with conductive pigment for usein a drain system of fuel system 218 or for use in a nitrogen enrichedair distribution system.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of a side view of one example implementationof coupling system 201 being used to couple one example implementationof first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206 from FIG. 2,depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. As depicted,coupling system 201 includes union 210, first fitting 212, and secondfitting 214. Coupling system 201 may also include sleeve 202 from FIG.2, which is not shown in this view.

Union 210, first fitting 212, and second fitting 214, as well as firstflexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206, may be concentricallyaligned relative to center axis 300. In other words, union 210, firstfitting 212, second fitting 214, first flexible hose 204, and secondflexible hose 206 may share center axis 300 when all of these componentsare coupled together. For example, union 210, first fitting 212, andsecond fitting 214 may have openings, or holes that extend through union210, first fitting 212, and second fitting 214 in alignment with centeraxis 300.

In this illustrative example, support bracket 302 has been coupled tocoupling system 201. In particular, bracket clamping nut 304 has beenused to secure support bracket 302 to union 210 of coupling system 201.Support bracket 302 may allow coupling system 201 and thereby, firstflexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206, to be easily attached toone or more structural components. For example, support bracket 302 maybe attached to a floor to help keep first flexible hose 204 and secondflexible hose 206 a selected distance above the floor. In otherillustrative examples, support bracket 302 may be attached to a wall tokeep first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206 a selecteddistance away from the wall.

FIG. 4 is an example of a cross-sectional view of coupling system 201,first flexible hose 204, and second flexible hose 206 from FIG. 3,depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In particular,the cross-sectional view may be a view with respect to an axialcross-section taken substantially parallel to center axis 300.

As depicted, first flexible hose 204 has outer surface 400 and innersurface 401. Inner surface 401 defines channel 402 through firstflexible hose 204. Channel 402 may also be referred to as a tubularpassageway through first flexible hose 204. Second flexible hose 206 hasouter surface 404 and inner surface 405. Inner surface 405 defineschannel 406 through second flexible hose 206. Channel 406 may bereferred to as a tubular passageway through second flexible hose 206.

Sleeve 202 is visible in this view in FIG. 4. Sleeve 202 is partiallyinserted within and extends through channel 402 of first flexible hose204. Further, sleeve 202 is partially inserted within and extendsthrough channel 406 of second flexible hose 206. In particular, sleeve202 has first end 408 that is located within channel 402 of firstflexible hose 204 and second end 410 that is located within channel 406of second flexible hose 206.

In this illustrative example, sleeve 202 has an outer diameter that issubstantially equal to an inner diameter of first flexible hose 204 asdefined by inner surface 401 and that is substantially equal to an innerdiameter of second flexible hose 206 as defined by inner surface 405 ofsecond flexible hose 206. Thus, sleeve 202 contacts inner surface 401 offirst flexible hose 204 and inner surface 405 of second flexible hose206.

As depicted, sleeve 202 has outer surface 411 and flange 412 thatextends from outer surface 411 of sleeve 202. For example, outer surface411 defines a tubular portion of sleeve 202 that is configured forinsertion and placement within first flexible hose 204 and secondflexible hose 206. Flange 412 may be an annular flange that extends fromouter surface 411 of sleeve 202. For example, flange 412 may be anannular ring.

Flange 412 has first surface 414 and second surface 416. When sleeve 202is inserted in first flexible hose 204 as shown in FIG. 4, flange 412contacts end portion 417 of first flexible hose 204. More particularly,first surface 414 of flange 412 engages edge 418 of first flexible hose204 at end portion 417. First surface 414 of flange 412 engages edge 418of first flexible hose 204 by contacting, or abutting, edge 418. Inthese illustrative examples, flange 412 has a radial lengthsubstantially equal to a thickness of edge 418 of first flexible hose204. The radial length of flange 412 may be referred to as the width offlange 412 in some cases.

In this illustrative example, union 210 is coupled to sleeve 202, firstflexible hose 204, and second flexible hose 206. Union 210 includes body420, first portion 422, and second portion 424. First portion 422extends from body 420 to thereby define first seat 426 and second seat428. Second portion 424 extends from body 420 to thereby define thirdseat 430 and fourth seat 432. First seat 426, second seat 428, thirdseat 430, and fourth seat 432 create structural areas within othercomponents may be positioned to thereby engage union 210. First seat 426and second seat 428 may each include and be defined by a portion of body420 and a portion of, or a section of, first portion 422 of union 210.Third seat 430 and fourth seat 432 may each include and be defined by aportion of body 420 and a portion of, or a section of, second portion424 of union 210.

For example, union 210 may be positioned around sleeve 202 and firstflexible hose 204 such that flange 412 engages first seat 426 of union210 and first flexible hose 204 engages first portion 422 of union 210.In particular, second surface 416 of flange 412 engages first seat 426of union 210 and outer surface 400 of first flexible hose 204 engagesfirst portion 422 of union 210. Further, second flexible hose 206engages third seat 430 of union 210.

Union 210 is secured to sleeve 202, first flexible hose 204, and secondflexible hose 206 by a pair of fittings, which may include first fitting212 and second fitting 214. In this illustrative example, first fitting212 and second fitting 214 both take the form of clamps. For example,first fitting 212 may include clamping feet 434 and second fitting 214may include clamping feet 436. First fitting 212 is positioned aroundfirst flexible hose 204 and union 210 such that first fitting 212engages second seat 428 of union 210. Similarly, second fitting 214 ispositioned around second flexible hose 206 and union 210 such thatsecond fitting 214 engages fourth seat 432 of union 210. In some cases,when support bracket 302 is present, second fitting 214 may partiallyengage fourth seat 432 or engages only second portion 424 of union 210.

When first fitting 212 is positioned around first flexible hose 204 andunion 210 to secure union 210 to first flexible hose 204 and sleeve 202within first flexible hose 204, first fitting 212 applies pressure tofirst flexible hose 204. Without sleeve 202, this pressure might causefirst flexible hose 204 to deflect, or bend, into flow path 438 that iscreated through first flexible hose 204, second flexible hose 206, andsleeve 202. Sleeve 202 counteracts this pressure applied by firstfitting 212, and therefore the deflection of first flexible hose 204.

Similarly, when second fitting 214 is positioned around second flexiblehose 206 and union 210 to secure union 210 to second flexible hose 206and sleeve 202 within second flexible hose 206, second fitting 214applies pressure to second flexible hose 206. Without sleeve 202, thispressure might cause second flexible hose 206 to deflect, or bend, intoflow path 438 that is created through first flexible hose 204, secondflexible hose 206, and sleeve 202. Sleeve 202 counteracts this pressureapplied by second fitting 214, and therefore the deflection of secondflexible hose 206.

As depicted, in some illustrative examples, support bracket 302 may becoupled to union 210. For example, in these illustrative examples,support bracket 302 is disposed around union 210 and may at leastpartially engage fourth seat 432 of union 210. Bracket clamping nut 304is used to secure support bracket 302 to union 210, and thereby couplingsystem 201. Of course, in other illustrative examples, support bracket302 may be coupled to coupling system 201 in some other manner.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view of a differentconfiguration for sleeve 202 and for coupling system 201, depicted inaccordance with an illustrative embodiment. The configuration ofcoupling system 201 depicted in FIG. 5 may be used to couple firstflexible hose 204 to component 208 rather than to second flexible hose206 from FIG. 4. In FIG. 5, coupling system 201 includes sleeve 202,first fitting 212, and fastener device 216. First flexible hose 204 andfirst fitting 212 in FIG. 5 may be implemented similar to first flexiblehose 204 and first fitting 212 in FIG. 4. But sleeve 202 may have adifferent configuration than sleeve 202 in FIG. 4. In other illustrativeexamples, coupling system 201 may include only sleeve 202 and firstfitting 212.

As depicted, sleeve 202 includes tubular portion 500, receiving portion502, and coupling portion 504. In particular, sleeve 202 may be machinedsuch that tubular portion 500, receiving portion 502, and couplingportion 504 are formed as part of sleeve 202. In one illustrativeexample, a metal structure may be machined to create sleeve 202 havingtubular portion 500, receiving portion 502, and coupling portion 504.

Tubular portion 500 is configured for insertion and positioning withinchannel 402 of first flexible hose 204. In particular, tubular portion500 may have an outer diameter defined by outer surface 505 of sleeve202 that is substantially equal to the inner diameter defined by innersurface 401 of first flexible hose 204. In this illustrative example,tubular portion 500 of sleeve 202 fully extends within first flexiblehose 204 such that tubular portion 500 is entirely positioned withinfirst flexible hose 204. However, in other illustrative examples,tubular portion 500 may only partially extend within channel 402.

Receiving portion 502 extends outward from tubular portion 500.Receiving portion 502 is used to receive end portion 417 of the wall offirst flexible hose 204 defined between outer surface 400 and innersurface 401 of first flexible hose 204. As depicted, receiving portion502 includes flange section 506 and extension 508. In some cases,receiving portion 502 may also include tool feature 510.

Flange section 506 extends outward from tubular portion 500 andcircumferentially around tubular portion 500. In particular, flangesection 506 may be an annular flange circumferentially disposed aroundtubular portion 500 and extending radially outward from tubular portion500. In other words, flange section 506 may extend radially outward fromtubular portion 500 and around a portion of or around the entirecircumference of tubular portion 500.

Extension 508 extends from flange section 506 in a directionsubstantially aligned with tubular portion 500 to thereby define channel511 between receiving portion 502 and tubular portion 500 for receivingend portion 417 of first flexible hose 204. In particular, extension 508extends away from flange section 506 in a direction substantiallyparallel to center axis 300. Extension 508 and tubular portion 500 maybe substantially concentrically aligned. Further, extension 508 maycircumferentially extend around tubular portion 500, and thereby, firstflexible hose 204 to create channel 511.

Tool feature 510, when present, enables a tool to readily engage withreceiving portion 502 of sleeve 202. For example, tool feature 510 maybe shaped to enable a tool, such as a wrench or pliers, to engage withreceiving portion 502 and thereby, manipulate sleeve 202. For example,tool feature 510 may include one or more wrench flats that allow awrench to engage tool feature 510. In one illustrative example, toolfeature 510 has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape. By allowing a tool toengage receiving portion 502, tool feature 510 makes it easier for thattool to rotate sleeve 202 about center axis 300, translate sleeve 202 ina direction along center axis 300, and/or move sleeve 202 in some othermanner.

Coupling portion 504 of sleeve 202 is used to couple sleeve 202, andthereby, first flexible hose 204, to some other component, such ascomponent 208. In this illustrative example, component 208 takes theform of a nut. But in other illustrative examples, component 208 maytake other forms. For example, component 208 may take the form of aparticular type of nut (e.g. B-type nut), a union, a bulkhead, aflareless fitting, or some other type of structural component.

Coupling portion 504 includes end section 512. End section 512 is aportion of, or section of, coupling portion 504 that is shaped tosubstantially match, substantially conform to, or otherwise engage acorresponding shape of component 208 or some other type of component. Inother words, end section 512 may be machined such that end section 512takes the shape of some type of fastener device, mating component, orother type of coupling structure for use in directly coupling sleeve 202to component 208. As one illustrative example, end section 512 may beshaped to substantially have the shape of a B-type nut.

In some illustrative examples, coupling portion 504 includes groove 514formed along outer surface 505 of sleeve 202. Groove 514 may extendpartially or fully around a circumference of coupling portion 504 ofsleeve 202. Groove 514 may be shaped to receive fastener device 216,which may be used to secure component 208 to end section 512 of sleeve202. For example, fastener device 216 may take the form of a lockingpin, or a radial locking pin.

In this illustrative example, first fitting 212 is positioned aroundfirst flexible hose 204 and receiving portion 502 of sleeve 202 tosecure sleeve 202 to first flexible hose 204. For example, first fitting212 may apply pressure to first flexible hose 204 to secure togethersleeve 202 and first flexible hose 204. Without sleeve 202, thispressure might cause first flexible hose 204 to deflect, or bend, intoflow path 516 that is created through first flexible hose 204 and sleeve202. Sleeve 202 counteracts the pressure applied by first fitting 212,and therefore the deflection of first flexible hose 204.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of coupling system 201 from FIG. 5 in whichcoupling portion 504 of sleeve 202 is implemented differently, depictedin accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In FIG. 6, couplingportion 504 is implemented with a different type of end section 512.Further, coupling portion 504 does not include groove 514 shown in FIG.5. In FIG. 6, end section 512 may be shaped for attachment to some othertype of component other than component 208 shown in FIG. 2.

For example, end section 512 may be shaped for direct attachment to abulkhead (not shown). In one illustrative example, end section 512 maybe shaped for insertion into a fastener device, wherein the shape of endsection 512 is sufficient to attach sleeve 202, and thereby firstflexible hose 204, to the fastener device. In still other illustrativeexamples, end section 512 may be shaped for attachment or coupling toanother end section of another sleeve similar to sleeve 202 (e.g. adifferent end section of a different sleeve, where the end section isshaped similar to end section 512 depicted in FIG. 5). The illustrationsof coupling system 201 in FIGS. 2-6 are not meant to imply physical orarchitectural limitations to the manner in which an illustrativeembodiment may be implemented. Other components in addition to or inplace of the ones illustrated may be used. Some components may beoptional. Further, as described above, the different components shown inFIGS. 3-6 may be illustrative examples of how components shown in blockform in FIG. 2 can be implemented as physical structures. Additionally,some of the components in FIGS. 3-6 may be combined with components inFIG. 2, used with components in FIG. 2, or a combination thereof.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustration of a process 700 for couplingflexible hoses, depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment.The process illustrated in FIG. 7 may be implemented using couplingsystem 201 described in FIG. 2 and in FIGS. 3 and 4. Accordingly, theprocess 700 is described below with continuing reference to FIGS. 2, 3,and 4.

The process 700 may begin by inserting sleeve 202 partially within firstflexible hose 204 such that first surface of 414 of flange 412 of sleeve202 engages edge 418 of first flexible hose 204 (step 702). Sleeve 202positively locks with first flexible hose 204 in a manner that preventsfirst flexible hose 204 from coming loose during vibrations oroperational pressure or temperature changes. Next, union 210 may bepositioned around sleeve 202 and first flexible hose 204 such thatsecond surface 416 of flange 412 of sleeve 202 engages union 210 (step704).

Then, sleeve 202 may be inserted partially within second flexible hose206 to thereby couple first flexible hose 204 and the second flexiblehose together 206 (Step 706). Sleeve 202 positively locks with secondflexible hose 206 in a manner that prevents second flexible hose 206from coming loose during vibrations or operational pressure ortemperature changes.

Union 210 is coupled with first flexible hose 204, second flexible hose206, and sleeve 202 using a pair of fittings (step 708). For example, atstep 708, first fitting 212 may be used to secure union 210 to firstflexible hose 204 and sleeve 202, while second fitting 214 may be usedto secure union 210 to second flexible hose 206 and sleeve 202.

A deflection of first flexible hose 204 and second flexible hose 206into a flow path created through first flexible hose 204 and secondflexible hose 206 is counteracted using sleeve 202 (step 710), with theprocess terminating thereafter. For example, securing the pair offittings to union 210, first flexible hose 204, and second flexible hose206 may apply pressure to first flexible hose 204. Without sleeve 202counteracting this pressure, first flexible hose 204 might bend ordeform in an undesired manner.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustration of a process 800 for coupling aflexible hose to a component, depicted in accordance with anillustrative embodiment. The process 800 illustrated in FIG. 8 may beimplemented using coupling system 201 described in FIG. 2 and in FIGS. 5and 6. Accordingly, the process 800 is described below with continuingreference to FIGS. 2, 5, and 6.

The process 800 may begin by inserting tubular portion 500 of sleeve 202through channel 402 within first flexible hose 204 such that end portion417 of first flexible hose 204 is received within channel 511 defined byreceiving portion 502 of sleeve 202 that extends outward from tubularportion 500 (step 802). At step 802, channel Sills defined betweenreceiving portion 502 of sleeve 202 and tubular portion 500 of sleeve202. In particular, flexible hose 204 may be received within channel 511such that end portion 417 of first flexible hose 204 engages, orcontacts flange section 506 of receiving portion 502 of sleeve 202.Channel 511 is sized and shaped such that outer surface 400 of firstflexible hose 204 contacts extension 508 of receiving portion 502 ofsleeve 202 and inner surface 401 of first flexible hose 204 contactstubular portion 500 of sleeve 202 when first flexible hose 204 isreceived within channel 511.

Sleeve 202 is secured to first flexible hose 204 using first fitting 212(step 804). In one illustrative example, at step 804, first fitting 212takes the form of a clamp that clamps down on receiving portion 502 ofsleeve 202 and first flexible hose 204, which thereby applies pressureon receiving portion 502 of sleeve 202 and first flexible hose 204.Sleeve 202 counteracts the pressure being applied by first fitting 212to ensure that sleeve 202 positively locks first flexible tube 204.

Thereafter, sleeve 202, and thereby, first flexible hose 24, is coupledto component 208 using coupling portion 504 of sleeve 202 (step 806). Adeflection of first flexible hose 204 into a flow path created throughfirst flexible hose 204 and sleeve 202 is counteracted using sleeve 202(step 808), with the process terminating thereafter. For example,securing first flexible hose 204 to sleeve 202 using first fitting 212may apply pressure to first flexible hose 204. Without sleeve 202counteracting this pressure, first flexible hose 204 might deflect orotherwise bend into the flow path in an undesired manner.

Thus, the example embodiments described above provide a method andapparatus for coupling flexible hoses together. For example, a pressuresleeve, such as sleeve 202, may be used to couple flexible hoses thatare coated with or embedded with conductive pigmentation for use in afuel drain system and/or a nitrogen-enriched air distribution system.Sleeve 202 provides positive locking for these flexible hoses for useunder changing operational pressures and environmental temperatures.Thus, sleeve 202 may be used to couple two flexible hoses together or tocouple a flexible hose with another component in a simple, easy, andcost-effective manner.

As used herein, the phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list ofitems, means different combinations of one or more of the listed itemsmay be used and only one of the items in the list may be needed. Theitem may be a particular object, thing, step, operation, process, orcategory. In other words, “at least one of” means any combination ofitems or number of items may be used from the list, but not all of theitems in the list may be required. For example, without limitation, “atleast one of item A, item B, or item C” or “at least one of item A, itemB, and item C” may mean item A; item A and item B; item B; item A, itemB, and item C; item B and item C; or item A and C. In some cases, “atleast one of item A, item B, or item C” or “at least one of item A, itemB, and item C” may mean, but is not limited to, two of item A, one ofitem B, and five of item C; three of item B and six of item C; or someother suitable combination.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the different depicted embodimentsillustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of somepossible implementations of apparatuses and methods in an illustrativeembodiment. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or blockdiagrams may represent a module, a segment, a function, and/or a portionof an operation or step. In some alternative implementations of anillustrative embodiment, the function or functions noted in the blocksmay occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, in somecases, two blocks shown in succession may be executed substantiallyconcurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be performed in the reverseorder, depending upon the functionality involved. Also, other blocks maybe added in addition to the illustrated blocks in a flowchart or blockdiagram.

The description of the different example embodiments has been presentedfor purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to beexhaustive or limited to the embodiments in the form disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art. Further, different example embodiments may provide differentfeatures as compared to other desirable embodiments. The embodiment orembodiments selected are chosen and described in order to best explainthe principles of the embodiments, the practical application, and toenable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosurefor various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to theparticular use contemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus comprising: a sleeve comprising atubular portion, a receiving portion, and a coupling portion that aremonolithically formed, wherein: the tubular portion has an outerdiameter that is substantially equal along a length of the tubularportion and that is substantially equal to an inner diameter of aflexible hose; the receiving portion comprises: a flange section thatextends radially outward from the tubular portion; and an extension thatextends from the flange section in a direction substantiallyconcentrically aligned with the tubular portion to thereby define achannel between the extension and the tubular portion, the channelhaving a uniform radial width substantially equal to a thickness of theflexible hose to receive the flexible hose when the tubular portion isinserted within the flexible hose, and the extension including firstouter threads for engaging a fitting; the coupling portion is configuredfor coupling the sleeve to a component; and the coupling portion extendsout from the receiving portion in an opposite direction from the tubularportion and includes second outer threads for engaging with thecomponent.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the fittingengaged with the first outer threads of the extension of the sleeve,wherein the fitting comprises clamping feet that apply pressure to theflexible hose when the fitting is engaged with the sleeve and theflexible hose has been received within the channel.
 3. The apparatus ofclaim 2, wherein the extension ends before the clamping feet when thefitting is engaged with the sleeve and wherein the tubular portion ofthe sleeve extends past the clamping feet of the fitting such that thesleeve counteracts a deflection of the flexible hose into a flow paththrough the flexible hose and the sleeve in response to the pressurebeing applied by the fitting.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thecoupling portion comprises a groove extending at least partially arounda circumference of the sleeve and further comprising: a fastener devicepositioned within the groove to secure the component to the sleeve. 5.The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fastener device is a locking pinand wherein the component is selected from one of a nut, a B-type nut, aunion, a bulkhead, and a flareless fitting.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the coupling portion comprises: an end section having the secondouter threads and that is shaped to substantially match a correspondingshape of the component to which the sleeve is to be coupled.
 7. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein a portion of the coupling portion thatextends away from the flange section of the receiving portion has a sameouter diameter as the tubular portion.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the receiving portion includes a tool feature that allows a toolto engage with the receiving portion.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8,wherein the tool feature has a hexagonal cross-sectional shape.
 10. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising the flexible hose coupled withthe tubular portion, wherein the flexible hose is comprised of aflexible material and is coated with a conductive pigment.
 11. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein an end portion of the flexible hosecontacts the extension, the tubular portion, and the flange section whenthe end portion of the flexible hose is received within the channel. 12.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tubular portion, the receivingportion, and the coupling portion of the sleeve are machined from ametal structure; and wherein an inner surface of a channel that extendsthrough the tubular portion, the receiving portion, and the couplingportion is a continuous surface.
 13. A method for coupling a flexiblehose to a component, the method comprising: inserting a tubular portionof a sleeve within the flexible hose such that an end portion of theflexible hose is received within a channel defined by the tubularportion, a flange section that extends radially outward from the tubularportion, and an extension that extends from the flange section in adirection substantially concentrically aligned with the tubular portion,the channel having a uniform radial width substantially equal to athickness of the flexible hose; securing the sleeve to the flexible hoseusing a fitting and first outer threads of the extension; and couplingthe sleeve and the flexible hose to the component using second outerthreads on a coupling portion of the sleeve that extends out from areceiving portion of the sleeve in an opposite direction from thetubular portion, the tubular portion, the receiving portion, and thecoupling portion being monolithically formed such that an inner surfaceof the channel, which extends through the tubular portion, the receivingportion, and the coupling portion, is a continuous surface.
 14. Themethod of claim 13, further comprising: counteracting a deflection ofthe flexible hose into a flow path created through the flexible hose andthe sleeve using the sleeve.
 15. The method of claim 13, whereinsecuring the sleeve to the flexible hose comprises: securing the fittingto the sleeve by engaging the first outer threads of the extension; andclamping down on the flexible hose using clamping feet of the fitting,thereby applying pressure on the flexible hose; and counteracting thepressure being applied by the fitting using the tubular portion of thesleeve, the tubular portion extending past the clamping feet of thefitting.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein coupling the sleeve and theflexible hose, to the component comprises: coupling an end section ofthe coupling portion to the component, wherein the end section ismachined to substantially match a corresponding shape of the component,and wherein the component is selected from one of a nut, a B-type nut, aunion, a bulkhead, and a flareless fitting.
 17. A fuel system in anaircraft, the fuel system comprising: a flexible fuel hose; a sleevecomprising: a tubular portion, wherein the sleeve has an outer diameterthat is substantially equal along a length of the tubular portion andthat is substantially equal to an inner diameter of the flexible fuelhose such that the tubular portion positively locks the flexible fuelhose; a receiving portion comprising: a flange section that extendsradially outward from the tubular portion; and an extension that extendsfrom the flange section in a direction substantially concentricallyaligned with the tubular portion to thereby define a channel between theextension and the tubular portion, the channel having a uniform radialwidth substantially equal to a thickness of the flexible hose, and theextension including first outer threads for engaging a fitting; and acoupling portion for coupling the sleeve and flexible fuel hose to acomponent, wherein the coupling portion extends out from the receivingportion in an opposite direction from the tubular portion and includessecond outer threads for engaging with the component; and wherein thecoupling portion comprises a groove extending at least partially arounda circumference of the sleeve; a fastener device positioned within thegroove to secure the component to the sleeve; and the fitting, whereinthe fitting is clamped down on the receiving portion of the sleeve andthe flexible fuel hose to secure the sleeve to the flexible fuel hose.18. The fuel system of claim 17, wherein the flexible fuel hose iscomprised of a flexible polymer and is coated with a conductive pigment.19. The fuel system of claim 17, wherein the component is selected fromone of a nut, a B-type nut, a union, a bulkhead, and a flarelessfitting.
 20. The fuel system of claim 17, wherein: the fitting comprisesclamping feet and threads along an inner surface of the fitting; thethreads are positioned closer to the flange section than the clampingfeet when the fitting is secured to the sleeve; the extension endsbefore the clamping feet such that the clamping feet apply pressure tothe flexible hose when the fitting is secured to the sleeve; and whereinthe tubular portion of the sleeve extends past the clamping feet suchthat the sleeve counteracts a deflection of the flexible fuel hose intoa flow path created by the flexible fuel hose and the sleeve in responseto the pressure being applied by the fitting.